[MUSIC] Hello everyone. Welcome to Big Data and Language. Today I will talk about register. So, in the previous lecture when I introduced the corpus linguistics, I've mentioned registers several times. If you were not familiar with terminology, you probably got confused. But don't worry about it, if you haven't heard about the terminology register, then today is time to learn, okay? So, are you ready? Let's get started. All right, first of all, let's talk about the definition of register. The register is the level of formality with which you speak. So, it means that in other words, different situations and people call for different registers. For example, conversation between a boyfriend and girlfriend, they are different from the speaking in the classroom. Okay? And then how can we define the different types of registers? There are four different categories and criteria. The first one is audience, who? And the second one is topic, what? And the third one is purpose, why? And fourth one is location, where? So, if you change any of them, then we can define as a different register, okay? So, there are four different criteria. So, you need to define the different registers, depending on these four factors. Okay? So, there could be so many different types of registers. However in this lecture, I want to introduce five major different registers, such as frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. So, are you ready? Let's look at one by one. The first one is frozen register, we call it the static register as well. So, in this register language is literally frozen in time and form, which means that the language rarely changes. So, this type of language is often learned and repeated by rote. Let me give you an example. The examples are a Biblical verse prayers and the Pledge of Allegiance, or bibliographic reference and laws. So, if you already had experience of writing the research papers, then we have the certain rule to write down the references, right? So, rarely changed. And also, if you know the Bible, then all the verse are rarely changed, right? And let me give you more specific example. The example is Pledge of Allegiance. So, the first version was released in 1892. And the Pledge of Allegiance at the time was I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands, one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all. Okay. The second version was used between 1892 to 1923, everything was exactly the same but one word was added, which one is to, okay? So, I pledge allegiance to my Flag and to the Republic for, and the later parts are exactly the same. And the third version was used in 1923 to 1924. And so, this version was used, they're very similar, again, slightly changed. Which is, I please allegiance to the Flag of the United States and to, the later part is exactly the same. And the next version was used between 1924 to 1954. And everything was same but two, actually, words one meeting was added. Which one is, I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America. Okay? And again, the later part is exactly the same. Okay, and the current version was released in 1954. So, everything is same. I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God. So, these parts were added. But just slightly changed, almost the same. Okay? So, today we've talked about the frozen register. The next time we will talk about other registers as well. Thank you for your attention.
