Hello everybody, and welcome back. The Navy battle fought at Actium, marked as a matter of fact, the end of the civil wars. But on the other hand, it marked the end of the Roman Republic as well. Mark Antony committed suicide, and Octavian now became the one leader in the Roman state, the most powerful man in Rome. Rome as a city changed in itself. We have a huge city, a metropolis, more than 1 million people living here. It's the greatest city in the ancient world, and the greatest city in Europe as well, until the 19th century. Minor changes occur here, and there in the landscape. Let's start from this house, the house of the Pontifex Maximus, the Domus Publica. You remember here, there was a house, a very luxurious house that was built up at the end of the seventh century. It was a very special house because it was connected directly with this gangway here, straight inside the Atrium Vestae. This is how the house would have looked at the end of the first century BC. With the entrance on the sacred way here, and the porticoes here, as you can see here. You can see the passage from the house to the sanctuary of Vesta, and the vault of the porticoes underneath this colonnade here. At the back of the house, a minor monument, we have just one fragment here has been erected as you can see from these two possible reconstructions. In the year 12 BC, the Pontifex Maximus in-charge died, and Augustus was appointed by the Senate, Pontifex Maximus. In theory, he should have lived in that house, but he decided he would not. He decided to make public one part of his own house. In this place, the house is destroyed and a different building is built up a podium market. This is the building. We're in the same place. There's no more house here. You just see corridors with rooms opening onto it. The underground porticoes is turned into a storage room. More than this special spaces for drinking or for selling drinks are created in this part of the house. As you can see from the huge jar this dolio placed inside the floor of this room. Minor changes are occurring as well in the temple of the Lares nearby. After 35 BC, new floors are created and minor changes are done inside this building. But after year 12, a new chela, you can see here is added to the previous one and a small apartment is created behind the two chela's to house the attendant to the court. The Lares were the ancestors of Rome. It's very important to have this new room here because here Augustus is adding his own ancestors. From this section here, you can have an idea of this incredible building, the small temple enclosed in a courtyard with the porticoes in front and the portico was decorated with this terracotta slabs we've already seen in the domes of Octavian. A real turning point was the year 7 BC, because the Emperor decided to divide Rome into 14 parts, 14 regions as you can see from this image. The core of this system was played at the corner of the Palatine here, where more than one region converged. Here a fountain was created. The Latin name is Meta Sudans. The meta is a sort of landmark, so the proper name should be the landmark of spring clean water. This fountain was right in front of the house where Augustus himself was born. You may remember the father of Augustus lived here. Later on, displays will stand into a sanctuary dedicated to Augustus himself. But already near 12 BC, the statue of Augustus was placed here. No living man had ever celebrated with a statue in Rome because it was an absolute scandal, but nonetheless possible because the political situation had changed and the state was led by one man, the emperor. Later on, the sanctuary was destroyed by fire and the statue which was placed in front of the small temple was placed in this small room here. As you can see with the images of other emperors, this is the inscribed base, which is the evidence we have of the existence of a statue of the emperor on the site. This is how we can imagine the figure of the emperor in this place. From the year 31 to the year 12, Rome has changed, the Roman state has changed but also the residence of the first emperor is now ready on the south side of the hill. Thank you very much.